DWIs and DUIs-Know the Difference
In Texas, the lowest level of driving while intoxicated, or DWI charge is a Class B misdemeanor. However, the charge may be enhanced to a Class A misdemeanor if a driver is arrested with an alcohol concentration of 0.15% or higher; a child under the age of 15 years old is present in the vehicle, or if the person was previously convicted of DWI prior to the date of arrest.
In Dallas County, DWI or driving while intoxicated means that the motorist did not have the normal use of his or her physical or mental faculties due to alcohol, a controlled substance, a dangerous drug, or any other substance. A person is also considered legally intoxicated if his or her blood alcohol concentration is 0.08% or higher.
DUI or driving under the Influence of alcohol is a Class C misdemeanor that a minor who is under 21 years of age can be charged with if there is any detectable level of alcohol in his or her system. While a DUI charge in Texas is not punishable by jail time, there nevertheless can be severe and last penalties including a fine, driver’s license suspension, and an increase in liability insurance premiums. It is often possible for a defense attorney to negotiate a deal with the prosecutor for deferred disposition of a class C DUI charge if it is a first offense. With deferred disposition, the defendant pleads no contest but is not convicted and if the defendant passed a probationary period not to exceed 180 days without committing new offenses, the charge would be dismissed.
DWI Superfines
Beginning on Sept. 1, 2019, the Texas Legislature abolished the Driver Responsibility Program (aka “surcharges”), so there is no longer a surcharge for being convicted of DWI. However, upon final conviction of a DWI, the Legislature mandated that Courts impose an automatic additional fine of $3,000 dollars. The amount of the superfine is increased to $4,500 for a DWI-2nd offense and $6,000 for a DWI .15 or higher.
While the superfines are required by law upon final conviction, it is often possible to avoid the superfine altogether by avoiding a “final” conviction, or by seeking a waiver from the Court. For example, if the Prosecutor or the Court sentences a person to probation, the law does not consider that disposition to be a “final” conviction and therefore the “superfine” will not be assessed. If someone is not being sentenced to probation, some Courts will routinely waive the superfine upon request by the defense counsel on the grounds of a defendant’s indigency or financial hardship.
The bottom line is that financial consequences to even the lowest level DWI are severe, and the best way to avoid those consequences or reduce the consequences is to hire an experienced criminal defense and DWI lawyer.
Second DWI Offense
If a person is arrested for DWI and has a prior conviction for DWI or a related offense, the person can be charged with a DWI-2nd, which is a Class A misdemeanor. In Texas, the minimum period of confinement for a DWI-2nd is 30 days in jail and the maximum period of confinement is up to 365 days in jail and a $4,000 dollar fine. However, jail time can often be avoided by negotiating a probation sentence. It should be noted that even with probation, a DWI-2nd conviction carries with it a requirement that the defendant serves between 3-5 days in jail as a condition of probation.
While mandatory jail time is of great concern to those facing a charge of DWI-2nd, please know that being charged with DWI-2nd is not the same as being convicted. All criminal defendants are presumed innocent which means you are not required to prove you are innocent. The State is required to prove all allegations against you beyond a reasonable doubt, and until or unless it does so, you are legally Not Guilty.
Often, a skilled criminal defense attorney can negotiate a deal with the prosecution where the State agrees to strike the enhancement paragraph in the charge as part of a plea agreement which means that in exchange for the defendant’s plea, the State reduces the charged offense from DWI-2nd to DWI-1st or DWI .15 or higher. If the State reduces the charge as part of a plea agreement, there is no longer mandatory jail time as a condition of probation and the range of punishment is significantly lessened.
Third DWI Offense (Felony)
A DWI charge with two or more prior DWI convictions is a third degree felony that comes with a fine of up to $10,000 and a prison sentence in the Texas Department of Corrections of between 2 years and 10 years. While probation may be an option for some felony DWIs, the typical probation period is between 5 years on the lower end and 10 years on the upper end, and even defendants placed on probation are required to serve at least 10 days in jail as a condition of probation.
In some felony cases, it may be possible to negotiate a deal with the prosecutor whereby the State agrees to strike enhancement paragraphs reducing the charge from a felony to a misdemeanor.
DWI With a Child in the Vehicle
Driving while intoxicated with a minor under the age of fifteen years old comes with severe penalties, including jail time ranging from 180 days up to two years and $10,000 in fines, even if the driver has no prior offenses. Defendants also face driver’s license suspensions and related penalties.